The angle of the torso, when squatting, is not a function of whether or not the bar is high or low on the back. The angle of the torso (and thus torque on the spine) is primarily determined by the angle of the shin, a.k.a how much the ankle dorsiflexes. AND IN MY BOOK, THIS IS THE KEY TO BEST BACK TRAINING PRACTICES. GET IT??? MAKE YOUR QUADS, HAMS AND GLUTES DO THE WORK. If your shin is perpendicular to the floor, then your torso will incline forward to keep the CoM over your BoS, regardless of how low the bar is on your back. And your back will be forced to handle higher torque. A good, general rule of thumb, IMHO, is to keep the shins and the torso parallel, from an inclination standpoint. This could change with femur/torso length issues (tight adductors and hips in general can cause issues too), but this method is pretty good to help someone figure out whether or not they have decent ankle flexibility when squatting. And this will minimize torque on the back, as we will d...
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Optimal (ideal) strength is not the same as maximal strength. For example, given your speed, power, or flexibility needs, you may not want or need maximal strength.
No, of course the best measure or evaluation of strength is not a barbell movement. First of all, strength of what? Can a barbell measure or evaluate all types of strength?
All else being equal (*NOTE* that this is hardly ever the case) higher maximal strength should yield a higher level of either relative strength or maximal power.
Using barbells to asses a level of either maximal/optimal power/strength that body is able to produce is easy to do. Is it the right thing to do? Depends ...